Soltan Basiev, Gorsky State Agrarian University
Yuav kom cov qos yaj ywm ntau yam nyob rau hauv kev thov ntawm cov neeg ua liaj ua teb ntawm North Caucasian Federal District, nws yuav tsum yog thaum ntxov ntawm ripening, lub tsev noj mov rau nws lub hom phiaj, resistant rau golden nematode thiab muaj nqaij dawb. Txawm li cas los xij, cov txheej txheem no, ntawm chav kawm, tsis ua tiav thiab tsis yog universal rau ib cheeb tsam uas sib koom ua ke nrog thaj chaw sib txawv ntawm ntuj thiab huab cua. Nyeem ntxiv txog qhov no hauv kev xam phaj nrog Soltan Basiev, Tus Kws Kho Mob ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Ua Liaj Ua Teb, tus xibfwb, Tus Thawj Saib Xyuas Kev Ua Liaj Ua Teb, Kev Loj Hlob, Kev Loj Hlob thiab Kev Loj Hlob, Kws Qhia Ntawv ntawm Agronomy, Gorsky State Agrarian University, Republic of North Ossetia-Alania.
Gorsky Agrarian University tau ua haujlwm rau kev xaiv thiab cov noob qoob loo ntawm cov qos yaj ywm rau txog 13 xyoo, qhov no yog lub sijhawm luv luv, muab qhov ntawd.
tau ib tug ntau yam yuav siv sij hawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm 12-15 xyoo. Cov dej num ntawm cov neeg yug tsiaj muaj xws li kev tsim cov tshiab high-yielding ntau yam thiab hybrids. Kev pom zoo ntawm cov khoom tshiab yuav siv qhov chaw ntawm Zolsky Potato LLC. Cov kws tshawb fawb tseem koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov microplants thiab minitubers ntawm lawv tus kheej ntau yam ntawm qos yaj ywm. Minitubers yog zus nyob rau hauv ntshiab phytosanitary tej yam kev mob ntawm lub roob cheeb tsam ntawm lub koom pheej ntawm North Ossetia
- Alanya, ntawm qhov siab ntawm 1400 meters saum toj no hiav txwv theem. Ntawm no yog cov chaw zov me nyuam hauv tsev kawm ntawv, uas loj hlob ntau dua 100 hom qos yaj ywm ntawm kev xaiv hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws. Lub tsev kawm ntawv ua haujlwm ntawm kev loj hlob qos yaj ywm microplants hauv nws tus kheej agro-biotechnological complex.
QHOV CHAW UA HAUJ LWM
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm qos yaj ywm yog nws lub sijhawm ripening. Ntawm thaj chaw ntawm North Caucasian Federal District, ntau yam ntawm yuav luag txhua hom hauv pawg no yog xav tau, nws txhua tus nyob ntawm thaj chaw cog qoob loo tshwj xeeb. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv North Ossetia, nws muaj peev xwm loj hlob ob qho tib si thaum ntxov, thiab nruab nrab thaum ntxov, thiab nruab nrab, thiab txawm lig ntau yam ntawm qos yaj ywm. Nyob rau hauv lub foothills ntawm lub North Caucasus - nyob rau hauv Kabardino-Balkaria, qhov chaw ntawm Karachay-Cherkessia, Ingushetia, Chechnya - cov neeg ua liaj ua teb tau txais zoo heev sau ntawm lig ntau yam. Thiab nyob rau hauv Dagestan, kev nyab xeeb yog ntau arid, yog li tsuas yog thaum ntxov ntau yam muaj feem xyuam rau muaj.
Feem ntau, cov neeg yug tsiaj ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim ntau yam rau North Caucasus muab qhov tseem ceeb rau ntau yam thaum ntxov (txij li feem ntau.
ib feem ntawm thaj chaw nws muaj peev xwm tau txais ob cov qoob loo ntawm qos yaj ywm).
Tom ntej no tseem ceeb zoo ntawm ntau yam yog tsis kam mus rau ntau yam pathogens. Thoob ntiaj teb cov kab mob txaus ntshai tshaj plaws rau cov qos yaj ywm
lig blight raug lees paub. Nws tseem tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj rau kev lag luam ntawm North Caucasus. Tsis tas li ntawd, qos yaj ywm hauv peb cheeb tsam feem ntau cuam tshuam los ntawm rhizoctonia, kab mob ntawm cov kab mob fungal (cov kab mob ntau yam, powdery, fusarium, thiab lwm yam), kab mob kis,
uas kuj yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account los ntawm breeders. Tam sim no kev tiv thaiv rau golden nematode tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb, vim tias ntau lub teb tau kis kab mob no.
Cia peb tsis txhob hnov qab tias ntau yam tau muab faib raws li lub hom phiaj.
Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm Gorsky SAU cov neeg yug tsiaj yog lub rooj ntau yam, tab sis peb tseem tab tom sim tsim ntau yam rau kev ua haujlwm. Nws yog ntxov dhau los tham txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov kev taw qhia no, tab sis kuv ntseeg tias yog tias muaj lub sijhawm thiab cov neeg xav ua qhov no, txhua yam ua tiav.
Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tsim nyog rau lub sijhawm ntev cia, tawm los thiab, ntawm chav kawm, kev nthuav qhia ntawm tubers yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau kev ua tiav ntawm ntau yam.
Hauv North Ossetia, piv txwv li, ntau yam nrog cov nqaij daj tsis xav tau. Kuv xav tias qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb yog Ossetian pies.
nrog qos yaj ywm, nyob rau hauv uas cov dawb filling zoo li prettier. Txawm hais tias cov qos yaj ywm daj muaj kev noj qab haus huv, lawv muaj ntau carotenoids, as-ham, tab sis ntau tus neeg tsuas tsis paub txog nws.
Cov Qeb Kawm
Muaj tsuas yog ib qho ntau yam suav nrog hauv Lub Xeev Kev Sau Npe ntawm Kev Ua Tau Zoo Tshaj Plaws hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov neeg yug tsiaj ntawm Gorsky State Agrarian University - Ossetian.
Qhov no yog ib nrab-thaum ntxov ntau yam rau kev siv rooj. Sib txawv ntawm cov saj zoo heev, tus nqi siab ntawm kev lag luam thiab kev ua kom zoo.
Resistant mus rau lub causative tus neeg saib xyuas ntawm qos yaj ywm cancer, golden qos cyst nematode, wrinkled, banded mosaics thiab nplooj curl.
Lwm ntau yam - Farn (farn los ntawm Ossetian - kev thaj yeeb, kev vam meej, kev nplua nuj, kev zoo siab) - tau raug kev sim ntau yam rau xyoo ob. Peb tau txais
nws muaj kev tshuaj xyuas zoo heev, tab sis nws tseem ntxov dhau los sau cov txiaj ntsig. Xyoo 2023, peb npaj yuav xa ib qho thib peb rau ntau yam kev sim, nws tseem tsis tau muaj npe. Kuv nco ntsoov tias ntau yam no, zoo li Farn, tau tsim los ua ib feem ntawm FSTP.
Gorsky State Agrarian University yog ib tug co-executor ntawm complex scientific thiab technical project "Kev tsim cov noob qos yaj ywm zoo ntawm kev sib tw hauv tsev ntau yam nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig tsis muaj kab mob ntawm thaj tsam roob ntawm Kabardino-Balkarian koom pheej", cov neeg siv khoom. yog Zolsky Potato LLC kev lag luam. Txoj haujlwm no tau ua tiav nyob rau hauv lub moj khaum ntawm subprogram "Kev txhim kho ntawm kev xaiv thiab kev tsim cov noob
qos yaj ywm nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab Federation" ntawm Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Kev Tshawb Fawb thiab Kev Pabcuam Kev Txhim Kho Kev Ua Liaj Ua Teb rau 2017-2025.