Kev loj hlob ntawm Lavxias teb sab zaub tau pom muaj kev loj hlob zoo nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no. Txawm li cas los xij, kev loj hlob txhua cov qoob loo yog txuam nrog ntau yam teeb meem, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog kev tawm tsam cov kab mob uas ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj rau cov qoob loo. Puas yog cov khoom tiv thaiv qoob loo ntawm lub khw muaj peev xwm ua tiav hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua no?
RISK PREVENTION TACTICS
Thawj qhov teeb meem uas cov neeg tsim zaub hauv tsev ntsib yog qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov khoom tiv thaiv cog qoob loo hauv tebchaws Russia. Yog tias tsuas yog ib qho tshuaj tua kab mob tau sau npe los tiv thaiv qej, nws puas tuaj yeem daws txhua yam teeb meem ntawm kev loj hlob cov qoob loo no thiab xyuas kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo? Cov neeg tsim khoom ntawm lwm cov qoob loo zaub, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog carrots, kuj ntsib cov tshuaj txwv tsis pub siv.
Cia peb tsis txhob hnov qab tias ntau cov qoob loo nyuaj rau kev ua haujlwm. Cabbage thiab dos muaj ib txheej waxy uas tiv thaiv kev nkag mus ntawm cov tshuaj sib sib zog nqus mus rau hauv cov nroj tsuag; nyob rau hauv qos yaj ywm, muaj zog foliage cuam tshuam nrog ua, thiab nyob rau hauv dos thiab qej, qhov nqaim thiab smoothness ntawm nplooj.
Feem ntau cov kab mob thiab kab tsuag yuav tsum tau daws nrog siv txoj kev tiv thaiv. Kev tiv thaiv, tsis yog kho cov tsos mob uas twb tshwm sim lawm, yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv cov qoob loo zoo.
Yog li ntawd, ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv yuav tsum yog txhawm rau txo cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm tus kab mob thiab txheeb xyuas nws cov tsos mob thaum ntxov tshaj plaws. Raws li kev tiv thaiv kev pheej hmoo, qhov ze tshaj plaws yuav tsum tau them rau cov kev kho mob zoo thiab lawv lub sijhawm. Cov txiaj ntsig tom qab siv tshuaj tua kab mob hauv cov qoob loo yav dhau los tsis tuaj yeem txo qis.
Thiab, ntawm chav kawm, xaiv ntau yam thiab hybrids yuav tsum tsim nyog rau cov av uas twb muaj lawm thiab climatic tej yam kev mob thiab xaiv agrochemical tiv thaiv lub tswv yim.
CARROTS - Tawm ntawm DANGER
Koj yuav tsum ua li cas los tiv thaiv carrots los ntawm kab mob? Cia peb pib nrog qhov tseeb tias qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kab mob tuaj yeem txo qis ntawm theem ntawm kev kho cov noob ua ntej. Cov tshuaj no los ntawm Syngenta li APRON® thiab MAXIM® yog qhov zoo rau qhov no. Ua tsaug rau FarMore thev naus laus zis, cov noob raug tiv thaiv los ntawm tag nrho cov kab mob hauv av.
Tsis tas li ntawd, txhawm rau txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim cov yub rot, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj nitrogen ntau dhau hauv cov av, kev cog qoob loo ntawm cov av thiab kev tsim cov pob zeb, cov cua tsis txaus hauv cov hauv paus hniav, thiab kev puas tsuaj rau cov hauv paus hniav lossis hauv paus caj dab. Thiab cov tshuaj tua kab mob tseem ceeb rau carrots yog CIDELI ™ TOP, cov tshuaj cog lus los ntawm Syngenta, tau sau npe rau hauv khw Lavxias xyoo 2019. Nws qhov zoo dua yog ib qho kev tsim tawm tshiab raws li lactic acid, uas ua kom tiav kev nkag mus ntawm cov tshuaj rau hauv cov nroj tsuag. Yog li, cov khoom tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm CIDELI ™ TOP suav nrog kev xa rov qab thiab kev nkag mus rau hauv qhov chaw nyuaj rau kev txau. Qhov no tau ua tiav ua tsaug rau cov haujlwm ntawm cov roj theem ntawm cov tshuaj. Lub translaminar kev txiav txim ntawm fungicide yog tiag tiag haib.
Ntxiv rau kev coj mus rau hauv tus account tag nrho cov kev txaus ntshai, cov neeg tsim zaub yuav tsum paub zoo txog cov kab mob dab tsi ntawm cov qoob loo uas nws loj hlob; yam twg yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob; muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob thiab, ntawm chav kawm, xaiv txoj kev zoo ntawm kev tawm tsam nws. Cov kab mob hauv qab no ua rau muaj kev phom sij loj tshaj plaws rau carrots:
- Kab mob ntawm seedlings (kab kab). Cov tsos mob: rotting ntawm paus thiab subcotyledon ntawm seedlings. Thaum xub thawj nws tshwm nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov iav los yog xim av me ntsis, ces nws kis tau thiab lub nplhaib-puab interception yog tsim. Thaum kawg, lub hauv paus tig dub thiab cov nroj tsuag tuag. Cov kab mob: Pythium violae, P. sulcatum, P. ultimum, coloratum, Rhizoctonia sp., Fusarium sp., Alternaria dauci, A. radicina.
- Powdery mildew. Cov tsos mob yog txawv rau ntau hom: Leveillula taurica, L. Lanuginose yog cov tsos mob ntawm cov nplooj daj daj ntawm nplooj, nyob rau sab nraum qab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv dawb powdery txheej, tom qab uas nplooj qhuav tawm. Tus kab mob Erysiphe umbellliferarum tam sim ntawd tsim ib txheej dawb ntawm sab sauv ntawm nplooj. Cov kab mob: Erysiphe umbelliferarum, Leveillula taurica, L. Lanuginose.
- Alternaria ntawm carrots. Cov tsos mob: poob ntawm seedlings, tuag saum, rot ntawm paus qoob loo. Cov kab mob: Alternaria dauci, A. radicina.
- Dawb rot. Cov tsos mob: tsim ntawm nplooj (mus rau lub hauv paus ntawm petiole) ntawm cov xim av xim av me ntsis 5-10 mm inch. Nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm nplooj, dawb mycelium ntawm fungus tshwm, kis cov cag qoob loo, ces sclerotia 5-10 hli tuab yog tsim. Qhov txaus ntshai ntawm rot dawb yog tias cov qoob loo noj qab haus huv tau rov kis kab mob hauv qhov chaw cia. Kab mob: Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.
Cov no yog cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev txaus ntshai rau carrots, hem kev puas tsuaj loj rau cov qoob loo. Txoj kev tiv thaiv zoo suav nrog ntau qhov kev ntsuas agrotechnical siv cov tshuaj niaj hnub. Hmoov zoo, cov khoom siv tiv thaiv cov nroj tsuag tshiab tam sim no tau qhia rau Lavxias kev ua lag luam, uas ua rau nws yooj yim dua rau cov neeg cog qoob loo kom ua tiav txoj haujlwm no. Yog li, hauv 2019 thiab 2020, lub tuam txhab Syngenta tau ua tiav cov txheej txheem sau npe rau ntau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zaub qoob loo, lub npe hu ua "zaub zaub": RIDOMIL® GOLD R, CIDELI® TOP, EFORIYA®, BOXER® , AMPLIGO® cov.
Nws tuaj yeem hais tias tsis muaj exaggeration ua tsaug rau qhov no, ib qho ntawm cov teeb meem tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv carrots - ib qho tsis txaus ntawm cov khoom tiv thaiv cog - yog ze rau kev daws.
CIDELI ™ TOP muaj ob lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb. Ib qho nkag mus rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg ua ntej, tom qab ntawd mus rau hauv cov txheej txheem loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob fungus, qhov twg nws cuam tshuam cov biosynthesis ntawm sterols hauv cov cell membranes, vim li ntawd, kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlwb raug cuam tshuam thiab cov fungus tuag. Lwm yam tshuaj inhibits qhov tsim ntawm appressoria, mycelial kev loj hlob, tsim spore thiab colony proliferation.
Txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los siv TSIDELI ™ TOP yog txau thaum lub caij loj hlob. Kev siv tus nqi - 0,8-1.0 l / ha, ua haujlwm dej noj 200-300 l / ha. Kev ua tau zoo thaum siv prophylactically (ua ntej cov qoob loo sib kis) yuav luag 100% txog 14 hnub; cov nyhuv tseem ruaj khov mus txog 11 hnub tom qab siv. Cov neeg tsim khoom yuam kev tseem ceeb yog ua cov kev kho mob thaum pom cov tsos mob ntawm cov nroj tsuag feem ntau. Kev siv cov fungicides zoo heev ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv cov kab mob.
Daim ntawv teev cov tshuaj uas CIDELI ™ TOP tau tshaj yog qhov dav heev. Thaum sib xyaw kom zoo, cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshwm sim xws li nthuav dav ntau yam kab mob tua kab mob, txhim kho kev txiav txim rau kev tswj cov kab mob hauv cov kab mob epiphytotic, thiab tswj kev tiv thaiv. Los ntawm txoj kev, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev txhim kho hauv cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob loj carrot thaum siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob no tsawg heev. Ib qho tseem ceeb: CIDELI ™ TOP tsis muaj phytotoxicity thaum siv cov tshuaj sau npe ntawm cov tshuaj. Nws muaj kev nyab xeeb rau ob qho tib si zaub qoob loo thiab entomophages.
Yog li, tom qab qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj CIDELI ™ TOP ntawm Lavxias teb sab kev ua lag luam, ntau cov teeb meem ntawm cov kab mob carrots yuav daws tau yooj yim dua. Qhov no fungicide tsis tsuas yog tiv thaiv carrots, nws yuav pab tau kom yields thiab profitability ntawm agribusiness tag nrho.
Olga Voblova, tus thawj coj ntawm cov kws tshaj lij rau cov qoob loo tshwj xeeb ntawm Syngenta:
- Thaum cog carrots npaj rau lub sijhawm ntev, nws tseem ceeb heev kom tsis txhob muaj kev ntxhov siab uas cuam tshuam kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Txwv tsis pub, cov txheej txheem physiological hauv paus qoob loo yuav tsis ua tiav, thiab cov carrots yuav tsis khaws cia zoo. Qhov no yog lwm qhov laj thawj uas yuav tsum tau them nyiaj tshwj xeeb rau kev tiv thaiv thiab tswj cov kab mob carrots, nrog rau kev ua tib zoo xaiv cov kev pom zoo ntawm kev tiv thaiv.
Syngenta yog tam sim no sau npe tshuaj tua kab mob BOXER® rau kev siv ntawm carrots thiab dos. Kuv xav hais ntxiv tias ntawm cov qoob loo no, tsis zoo li qos yaj ywm, BOXER® yog siv los ua tshuaj tua kab mob tom qab tshwm sim, thiab qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws yog ua tiav nrog nws daim ntawv thov feem (2-2,5 l / ha ib daim ntawv thov). Nrog rau qhov kev siv no, peb coj kom zoo dua qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm BOXER® herbicide - lub peev xwm los rhuav tshem cov waxy txheej ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Los ntawm kev ua lub tank sib xyaw nrog cov tshuaj tua kab uas twb muaj nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam, koj tuaj yeem nthuav dav ntau yam ntawm cov nroj tsuag tua thiab txo cov nqi noj cov tshuaj uas inhibit cov qoob loo cog qoob loo, thiab yog li txo cov kev tsis zoo ntawm cov qoob loo.