Alexey Egorov, Tus Thawj Coj ntawm Kev Tiv Thaiv Cov Khoom Noj, Agrotrade Company
Kuv xav pib tsab xov xwm nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg qhov teeb meem ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm los ntawm kev ua kev zoo siab rau txhua tus neeg ua liaj ua teb rau hnub Agricultural Worker's Day thiab ua tiav kev ua tiav ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb. Lub caij 2018 tau dhau los ua qhov tshwj xeeb, nrog nws tus yam ntxwv thiab kev nyuaj. Peb yuav tham txog lawv, nrog rau txoj hauv kev los daws cov teeb meem, hauv cov ntaub ntawv no.
Caij nplooj ntoos hlav: txo cov av thiab cov noob kab mob
Raws li koj nco qab, lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav ntawm 2018 yog qhuav thiab txias, uas ua rau qeeb germination, qeeb kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm qos yaj ywm. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum saib xyuas kev cog qoob loo ntawm peb cov neeg koom tes, peb txhua qhov chaw tau sau tseg kev puas tsuaj rau rhizoctonia (Rhizoctonia solani) - nyob rau sab qaum teb sab hnub poob ntawm Russia, thiab hauv Central, thiab sab qab teb, thiab dhau ntawm Urals. Peb hais ntxiv tias kev sib kis ntawm tus kab mob yog tshwm sim los ntawm ib qho nyuaj ntawm cov laj thawj, suav nrog kev puas tsuaj rau cov khoom siv noob, cov huab cua tsis zoo, tsis muaj kev sib hloov ntawm cov qoob loo thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo nrog cov qoob loo ntawm cov qoob loo yav dhau los.
Raws li paub, ntau yam xwm txheej yog tsim nyog rau decomposition ntawm cov qoob loo residues: lub xub ntiag ntawm noo noo, microorganisms, thiab dawb nitrogen. Technologically, qhov teeb meem yog daws los ntawm kev kho cov qoob loo nrog lub tank sib tov ntawm cov kua nitrogen thiab cov tshuaj uas muaj trichoderma (Trichoderma harzianum). Dosages ntawm cov tshuaj nyob ntawm seb cov formulations xaiv los yog tej manufacturers. Qhov kev ua haujlwm no tuaj yeem ua tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg, tab sis kuj nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav thaum ua haujlwm nrog chav huv lossis ua ntej cog qoob loo ntsuab manure rau hauv av.
Yuav ua li cas tiv thaiv cov noob thiab av kab mob? Tsis muaj kev daws teeb meem thoob ntiaj teb; tsis yog txhua lub teb chaws muaj lub sijhawm los npaj 4-5-tej qoob loo tig thiab yuav tsuas yog cov noob qoob loo loj. Tab sis peb tuaj yeem pom zoo tias cov neeg tsim khoom ua liaj ua teb suav nrog cov nyom nyom ntsuab (siv cov qoob loo cruciferous lossis legume) rau hauv kev ua liaj ua teb thiab tsim kom muaj kev tiv thaiv cov nroj tsuag uas sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab tshuaj lom neeg. Thiab ntawm chav kawm, them nyiaj tshwj xeeb rau qhov zoo ntawm cov noob yuav.
Kev siv cov khoom kom raug rau kev kho cov noob thiab hauv qab ntawm furrow thaum cog yuav zoo tiv thaiv cov noob thiab cov kab mob hauv av, thiab cov kev coj ua ntawm agrotechnical complex tau piav qhia saum toj no yuav txo qhov kis kab mob ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
LUB SIJ HAWM: SAIB XYUAS THIAB KEV KAWM NTAWV
Lub caij nyoog loj hlob ntawm cov qos yaj ywm thiab tsim cov qoob loo xyoo no yuav luag tag nrho lub teb chaws coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm qhuav thiab kub huab cua nrog tsis tshua muaj los nag, uas tsis tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm lig blight thiab alternaria: lawv tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub teb tsis tau. tseem ceeb npaum li lub caij 2017, tab sis lawv muaj lawv cov kab mob tsis zoo muaj feem cuam tshuam. Feem ntau cuam tshuam yog cov liaj teb uas ua haujlwm raws li "cov tsos mob" ntawm tus kab mob, thiab tsis yog raws li kev tsim ua ntej. Kev ncua 1-2 hnub hauv kev ua tiav ua rau poob ntawm ob qho tib si kom muaj nuj nqis thiab zoo ntawm cov qoob loo. Cov txiaj ntsig zoo ib yam yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev kho mob nrog cov tshuaj tsis zoo ntawm cov tshuaj, kev ua yuam kev hauv kev xaiv cov khoom thiab hauv kev txiav txim siab lawv qhov chaw hauv kev tiv thaiv cov nroj tsuag. Ntau lub teb, piv txwv li, "txuag" ntawm kev kho mob zaum kawg ntawm kev cog qoob loo thaum ntxov ntawm kev sau qoob loo.
Lub caij no, kev kho mob zaum kawg nrog kev npaj muaj fluazin, ua ke nrog desiccation los yog nqa tawm tom qab txhua yam tshem tawm ntawm lub saum, plays lub luag hauj lwm tseem ceeb heev nyob rau hauv kom tau ib tug high-zoo khoom, uas yuav txo tau cov degree ntawm overinfection ntawm tubers nrog fungal kab mob. nyob rau hauv cov av, thaum sau thiab thaum lub sij hawm cia.
Nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog nce kev lag luam xav tau rau qos yaj ywm zoo, ib qho ntawm cov ua qhov chaw yog kev sib ntaus tawm tsam cov av-tsev kab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov larva ntawm click beetle los yog wireworm. Qhov teeb meem no yog nyob deb ntawm kev daws, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov liaj teb uas cog qos yaj ywm siv stubble predecessors, qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tillage technology yog siv thaum cog qoob loo.
Qhov teeb meem nrog wireworms (thiab lwm yam kab tsuag) yog tas li aggravated los ntawm kev sim ntawm cov neeg ua liaj ua teb siv tshuaj tua kab thiab tshuaj tua kab mob hauv cov tshuaj tsawg. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov "tsim tswv yim mus kom ze" yog ib qho yooj yim rau kwv yees - qis marketability ntawm qos yaj ywm. Txawm hais tias qhov tshwm sim tuaj yeem ua rau hnyav dua: cov tshuaj noj tsis txaus ua rau muaj kev tshwm sim ntawm cov kab tsuag uas tiv taus cov tshuaj nquag ntawm cov khoom siv.
Cais, kuv xav nyob hauv lub ntsiab lus ntawm nematodes: peb tau ntsib nrog cov kab no ntau zuj zus. Ib qho kev daws teeb meem tseem ceeb yog kev cais tawm ntawm thaj chaw muaj kab mob: tsis suav nrog thaj chaw ntawm qos yaj ywm cog qoob loo rau ntau xyoo. Lwm txoj hauv kev yog kev siv cov tshuaj nematicides, tshwj xeeb, cov tshuaj Nematophagin, tsim los ntawm Lub Chaw Tshawb Fawb ntawm Virology thiab Biotechnology "Vector". Cov tshuaj yog raws li spores ntawm nematophagous fungi. Raws li cov neeg tsim khoom, Nematofagin yog sib xws nrog cov khoom kho noob Albit thiab Trichodermin. Txoj kev loj hlob yog qhov nthuav heev; yog tias muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog cov khoom siv tshuaj tua kab- fungicidal, nws tuaj yeem siv rau daim ntawv thov rau cov av thaum cog qos yaj ywm.
THIAB VIM LI CAS RAU SYSTEM
Nyob rau hauv cov ntawv dhau los nws tau hais ntau zaus hais tias qhov tsis pub leejtwg paub ntawm cov qos yaj ywm cog qoob loo txoj kev vam meej yog feem ntau raws li kev ua raws li kev cog qoob loo thiab kev ua raws cai nruj rau kev txhim kho cov nroj tsuag zoo.
Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias xws li ib tug system tsis yog tsim rau ib-paus xyoo; nws yuav tsum tau hloov txhua xyoo coj mus rau hauv tus account tshiab tshwm sim: kev hloov nyob rau hauv cov kab mob, nkag mus rau ntau technologically advanced cov khoom mus rau lub lag luam, thiaj li yuav tiv thaiv tsis kam mus rau ib tug. los yog lwm yam active tshuaj, thaum hloov lub specialization ntawm lub enterprise. Yog hais tias ib tug ua liaj ua teb hloov mus rau zus tau tej cov qos yaj ywm washable, qhov zoo yuav tsum tau nce sharply. Nws yog qhov pom tseeb tias cov txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom hauv kev ua haujlwm yuav tsum hloov pauv.
Peb xav kom koj xav thiab muaj txiaj ntsig daws teeb meem. Thiab zoo sau qoob rau lub caij tom ntej!