Peb txuas ntxiv kev sib tham txog qhov teeb meem tam sim no - qos rhizoctoniosis.
Lub hauv paus ntawm tus kab mob yog kab mob qos nroj tsuag thiab qee cov nroj tsuag. Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib kis ntawm cov kab mob los ntawm ib xyoos mus rau xyoo yog cov av thiab cov qos yaj ywm kab mob (qhov zaus ntawm kev kis kab mob los ntawm tubers yog los ntawm 29 mus rau 70%). Kev kis tus kab mob hauv lub caij nyoog tshwm sim los ntawm cov av, nrog rau los ntawm basidiospores ntawm huab cua siab (86-96% lossis ntau dua) los ntawm cov tee dej hauv huab cua, tab sis cov txheej txheem no tseem ceeb ntxiv.
Yog li, kev ncig ntawm cov kab mob hauv cov xwm txheej tshwm sim vim muaj kev sib xyaw ntawm cov av thiab tuber kis tau tus mob los ntawm ib xyoos mus rau ib xyoos, nrog rau kev sib kis ntawm huab cua ntxiv thaum lub caij. Raws li qhov no, txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov qos yaj ywm cog los ntawm rhizoctoniosis, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau siv cov tswv yim thiab cov hau kev los txo qhov pib ntawm cov kab mob hauv cov av thiab ntawm tubers.
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv kev tiv thaiv cov nroj tsuag puas los ntawm kab mob yog daim ntawv thov raug thiab ua ke ntawm agrotechnical thiab tshuaj txoj kev.
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob ntawm cov qos yaj ywm, nrog rau kev kis tus kab mob ntawm tubers, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam cov qoob loo tig thiab xa cov qos yaj ywm rov qab mus rau lawv qhov chaw qub tsis pub dhau 3-4 xyoos. Loj hlob qos yaj ywm nyob rau hauv cov qoob loo tig tom qab ntsuab manure, soybeans, cereals, perennial grasses txo txoj kev loj hlob ntawm rhizoctoniosis ntawm sprouts, stems thiab tubers los ntawm 2,0-2,7 zaug.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm impossibility ntawm kev cog qoob loo, nws yog tsim nyog los siv cov qoob loo nrog phytosanitary zog tiv thaiv tus kab mob ntawm rhizoctoniosis ua precursors. Txhawm rau txhim kho qhov xwm txheej ntawm phytopathological ntawm qos yaj ywm, raws li cov qoob loo phytosanitary (predecessors), nws raug nquahu kom siv cov nplej, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo txhua xyoo, legume-cereal mixs, carrots, lupins, soybeans, cabbage qoob loo, flax, uas cuam tshuam kev loj hlob ntawm R. solani Kühn. hauv av.
Lub hauv paus rau lawv siv yog tias qhov pib kis ntawm cov kab mob txuas ntxiv mus ntev nyob rau hauv cov av tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub xeev ntawm yuam dormancy. Hauv paus secretions ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb cov qoob loo resistant mus rau lub causative tus neeg saib xyuas ntawm qos rhizoctoniosis provoke lub germination ntawm pathogen propagules nyob rau hauv cov av. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov spores ntawm phytoparasite thiab lawv cov kab mob hyphae, tsis ntsib ib tug raug tus tswv tsev cog, ib nrab tuag. Vim tias cov kab mob hauv av, raws li txoj cai, muaj peev xwm tsis muaj zog sib tw piv rau cov kab mob hauv av saprotrophic, cov txheej txheem no ua rau txo qhov ntom ntawm cov kab mob.
Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, decaying tom qab sau residues ntawm phytosanitary cov qoob loo ua rau ib tug nce nyob rau hauv tus naj npawb ntawm antagonist saprophytes nyob rau hauv cov av, uas nyob rau hauv lem ua rau lub lysis ntawm kis kab mob qauv, thiab kuj coj qhov chaw ntawm pathogens nyob rau hauv lub ecological niche.
Nws tseem paub tias cov nplej, barley, oats, rapeseed thiab mustard yog cov tsim tawm ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob. Yog li, cov nroj tsuag muaj nyob rau hauv tsev neeg cereal muaj purothionine, phenol-hom compounds, benzoxazolinones, hordecin, furfrurol, gramine alkaloid, daj pigments nyob rau hauv lawv cov cell SAP, thiab cabbage nroj tsuag muaj allyl mustard, phenylethyl mustard thiab crotonyl mustard roj, rafanin, heirolol. uas inhibit qhov kev loj hlob ntawm pathogenic microflora.
Nyob rau hauv Siberia, nyob rau hauv ib lub caij loj hlob, xws li predecessors li rapeseed thiab sarepta mustard feem ntau ntawm tag nrho cov txo cov abundance ntawm R. solani nyob rau hauv cov av. Los ntawm lub Tsib Hlis ntawm lub xyoo tom ntej, vim qhov kev tso tawm ntawm cov tshuaj uas inhibit qhov kev loj hlob ntawm fungus los ntawm decomposed qoob loo residues, tus naj npawb ntawm propagules ntawm tus causative tus neeg sawv cev ntawm rhizoctoniosis yog txo los ntawm 2,0 npaug. Oats tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam tseem ceeb rau kev ntxuav hauv av, tab sis nws tso cai rau kom ruaj khov tus naj npawb ntawm cov kab mob. Nplej thiab barley tsis tsuas yog nyiam cov tsub zuj zuj ntawm cov kab mob thaum lub caij cog qoob loo, tab sis kuj tseem txhawb nqa nws txoj kev pheej hmoo hauv av kom txog thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav tom ntej. Yog li, los ntawm qhov pom ntawm phytosanitary, qhov zoo tshaj plaws precursors rau qos yaj ywm yog caij nplooj ntoos hlav rapeseed thiab mustard sarepta. Thaum muab cov qoob loo rau ntawm oats, caij nplooj ntoos hlav barley thiab nplej, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau coj mus rau hauv tus account cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tsub zuj zuj ntawm tus neeg sawv cev ntawm rhizoctoniosis nyob rau hauv cov av.
Daim ntawv teev cov peev txheej siv:
- Zeiruk V. N. Kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev cog qoob loo tshwj xeeb thiab biologized system ntawm qos yaj ywm tiv thaiv kab mob thiab kab tsuag / V.N. Zeiruk, V. M. Glez, S.V. Vasilyeva, M.K. Derevyagin, V.I. Sedova, N.A. Gaitova, L.V. Dmitrieva // Qos loj hlob nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam ntawm Russia: Qhov tseeb teeb meem ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev xyaum. - M., 2006. - S. 38-47.
- Ivanyuk V.G. Agrotechnical txoj kev tiv thaiv qos yaj ywm rhizoctoniosis / V.G. Ivanyuk, O.T. Alexandrov, V.I. Kalach // Kev tiv thaiv thiab cais tawm ntawm cov nroj tsuag. - 2001. - No. 11. - S. 18-19.
- Ivanyuk V.G. Nta ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm qos yaj ywm rhizoctoniosis hauv Belarus / V.G. Ivanyuk, O.T. Aleksandrov // Mycology thiab Phytopathology. - 2000. - T. 34, nr. 5. - S. 51-59.
- Losshakov V.G. Kev sib hloov qoob loo yog qhov tseem ceeb txuas hauv kev ua liaj ua teb niaj hnub / Loshakov V.G. // Cov ntawv xov xwm ntawm Lavxias Academy ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Ua Liaj Ua Teb. - 2006. - No. 5. - S. 23-26.
- Shaldyaeva E. M. Kev soj ntsuam ntawm rhizoctoniosis hauv qos agroecosystems hauv Western Siberia / E.M. Shaldyaeva, Yu.V. Pilipova, N. M. Konyaev. - Novosibirsk, 2006. - 196 p.
- Shaldyaeva E. M. Optimization ntawm phytosanitary xeev ntawm qos plantations siv caij nplooj ntoos hlav rapeseed raws li ib tug ntsuab manure qoob loo / E.M. Shaldyaeva, Yu.V. Pilipova, M.P. Shatunova // Nroj tsuag tiv thaiv hauv Siberia: Sat. kev tshawb fawb tr. cov kws qhia ntawv thiab cov tub ntxhais kawm tiav ntawm Kws Qhia Ntawv Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv. - Novosibirsk, 2003. - S. 77-83
- Carling DE nyhuv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ntawm virulence ntawm Rhizoctonia solani thiab lwm yam Rhizoctonia ntawm qos yaj ywm / DE Carling, RH Leiner // Phytopathology. - 1990. - V. 80, No. 10. - P. 930-934.