Txog rau thaum xyoo pua 19th, feem ntau ntawm cov qos yaj ywm cog hauv North America tau qhia los ntawm Tebchaws Europe. Nyob ib ncig ntawm 1750 hauv New England, qos yaj ywm cultivars feem ntau muaj npe rau cov xim thiab saum npoo ntawm tuber daim tawv nqaij, xws li "sab tawv nqaij" los yog "paj dawb".
Xyoo 1770, cov npe xws li "reddish", "bluish", "dawb" thiab "Fabkis" qos yaj ywm tau hais, tom kawg uas muaj cov duab flattened.
Qhov xwm txheej hloov nrog lub advent ntawm ntau yam Neshannok. Nws tau yug los ntawm John Gilkey thiab nws tus kwv yau James. Lawv niam lawv txiv tau tsiv teb tsaws chaw rau Tebchaws Meskas xyoo 1772. Xyoo 1798, John yuav ua liaj ua teb 200-acre hauv Mercer County, Pennsylvania, thiab cov kwv tij Gilkey pib cog qos yaj ywm. John cog liab, dawb thiab xiav tubers, hla, tau txais berries. Nyob rau hauv 1801 nws sow thawj cov noob.
Cov tubers nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam los ntawm kev hla muaj ntau xim thiab me me (qee ntawm lawv yog "tsis loj dua ib tug taum"). Ob peb xyoos tom ntej no, John tau ua ntau txoj kev xaiv thiab muab nws lub npe tshiab Neshannock, tom qab cov kwj deg nyob ze.
Lub tubers ntawm ntau yam tshiab yog loj thiab ntev, liab-liab xim nyob rau hauv cov xim nrog streaks ntawm tib xim nyob rau hauv lub cev. Cov xim ntawm tubers feem ntau ploj tom qab boiling. Gilkey kuj tau tsim ob peb lwm hom kev nthuav dav, suav nrog Red Mercer thiab Black Mercer.
Los ntawm 1851, Neshannock yog tus yeej khoom plig zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov rooj sib tham thoob plaws hauv Tebchaws Meskas. Thaum lub sij hawm Tsov Rog Tsov Rog, qhov ntau yam no yog cov zaub mov nyiam ntawm cov tub rog.
Los ntawm 1875, Idaho thiab Utah cov neeg ua liaj ua teb tau xa cov qos yaj ywm los ntawm kev tsheb ciav hlau mus rau California. Txawm hais tias qhov ntau yam no feem ntau hu ua "Brigham's qos", nws yog Neshannock.
Nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, ob qho tib si nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe thiab North America, kev ua hauj lwm twb pib mus intensively yug me nyuam ntau yam tshiab.
Kev tiv thaiv kab mob lig yog qhov tseem ceeb, nrog rau cov kab mob xws li "curl" (feem ntau ua ke ntawm PLRV thiab PVY). Cov kab mob no tau kawm tsis zoo, yog li cov ntau yam tau maj mam degenerate. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tau pom tias cov qos yaj ywm loj hlob los ntawm cov noob tiag tiag feem ntau tsis raug kev txom nyem los ntawm curliness.
Tubers ntawm ntau yam tshiab tau muag ntawm tus nqi siab heev. Piv txwv li, xyoo 1868 ib tuber ntawm King of the Earlies raug nqi $50. Qhov no coj Henry Ward Beecher, hauv nws tsab ntawv sau txog cov qos yaj ywm mania, los kwv yees tias "cov neeg tuaj tos-thiab-yias yuav ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv Rocky Toj siab, tab sis txoj hauv kev tseeb los khawb kub hauv New York State yog cia cov qos yaj ywm ua. nws rau koj." Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm qhov tsis muaj ntawv pov thawj rau cov noob qos yaj ywm thiab kev qhia txog ntau yam tshiab ua rau Neshannock poob.
Ob peb lwm yam tshiab tau qhia nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua puv 19, suav nrog Kev Zoo Nkauj ntawm Hebron, Bliss Triumph, Thaum Ntxov Ohio, Garnet Chili, Ntsuab Roob, Vaj Ntxwv ntawm Earlies, Nyob deb nroog New Yorker # 2, thiab Russet Burbank, kuj tau pab txhawb rau kev rhuav tshem ntawm Neshannok. .
Nws tsis paub yog tias cov cultivar no tau siv los ua niam txiv cov ntaub ntawv rau ib qho ntawm cov cultivars niaj hnub no. Hmoov tsis zoo, tam sim no ploj lawm. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tau ua tus qauv rau ntau yam tom ntej thiab tau tso tseg keeb kwm nthuav dav uas tsis tuaj yeem tshem tawm.
Qhov no yog ib tug abridged version ntawm ib tug ntawm cov ntawv luam tawm nyob rau hauv American Journal of Potato Research.