Cov noob zoo yog ib qho ntawm cov xwm txheej kom tau txais txiaj ntsig siab. Cov ntsuas zoo hauv qab no yog qhov tseem ceeb: purity (tsis muaj impurities ntawm lwm cov qoob loo, nroj tsuag, ntoo tawg, straw, thiab lwm yam), germination zog, germination, av noo, thiab tsis muaj cov noob kab mob los ntawm kab tsuag thiab kab mob. Muaj cov ntaub ntawv no nyob rau theem pib ntawm kev cog qoob loo, ua liaj ua teb tuaj yeem siv lawv cov peev txheej zoo dua kom tau txais txiaj ntsig siab. Kev npaj cov noob rau lub caij tom ntej pib tam sim ntawd tom qab sau qoob. Ua ntej, cov ntsiab lus noo noo ntawm cov noob thaum sau yog ntsuas; cov noob uas muaj cov av noo siab tuaj yeem ua rau nws tus kheej-kub (kub) thaum khaws cia, caking, rotting thiab molding. Tom ntej no los ntawm kev ntxiv cov noob los ntawm impurities ntawm lwm cov qoob loo, nroj tsuag, tawg nplej, straw thiab lwm yam.
Txhawm rau ntsuas qhov zoo ntawm cov noob, cov neeg ua liaj ua teb tuaj yeem hu rau ceg ntawm Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Cov Nyiaj Txiag Nyiaj Txiag "Rosselkhoztsentr" hauv thaj chaw Krasnoyarsk. Lub koom haum muaj 18 lub koog tsev kawm ntawv thiab cov chaw ua haujlwm hauv koog tsev kawm ntawv, sawv cev hauv 21 thaj chaw (cov cheeb tsam) ntawm cheeb tsam. Tau ntau xyoo, peb cov kws tshaj lij tau soj ntsuam cov khoom zoo ntawm cov noob thiab muab kev sib tham.
Lub germination ntawm noob thiab ntxiv kev loj hlob ntawm cov qoob loo nyob rau hauv lub teb yog ncaj qha cuam tshuam los ntawm kev kis kab mob ntawm cov noob khoom nrog cov kab mob. Nrog rau qhov pib kis kab mob muaj zog, peb yuav tau txais cov tua tom qab, cov nroj tsuag tsis muaj zog thaum lub caij loj hlob, thaum ntxov kab mob nrog cov kab mob uas nws cov kab mob hauv huab cua thiab huab cua. Phytoanalysis ntawm cov khoom siv noob pab ua liaj ua teb muaj peev xwm mus txog kev kho cov noob thiab txuag nyiaj.
Raws li ntawm 09.04.2024/158,32/1132, cov kws tshwj xeeb los ntawm cov ceg ntawm Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Nyiaj Txiag Institution "Rosselkhoztsentr" nyob rau hauv Krasnoyarsk Territory tau tshuaj xyuas 2023 txhiab tons (223 batch) ntawm cov noob nplej thiab cov qoob loo leguminous los ntawm XNUMX sau qoob rau XNUMX.
Cereals. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm phytoexpertise, nws tau tsim:
- tag nrho cov kab mob ntawm cov nplej, barley thiab oats noob yog 1,2 npaug qis dua xyoo dhau los - 20,0, 16,9% thiab 16,5%, feem;
- kab mob ntawm cov noob nplej nrog cov hauv paus rot tsis tshaj qhov teeb meem pib ntawm 15%. Kab mob tshwm sim ntawm cov qoob loo yog: 8,2% - nplej, 7,1% - barley thiab 3,3% - oats, uas yog qis dua xyoo tas los cov nuj nqis rau tib hnub.
- helminthosporium thiab fusarium cag rots tshwm nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv noob, thaum cov kab mob ntawm cov noob yog 1,4 thiab 2,1 npaug qis dua xyoo tas los, feem;
- smut spores tau pom nyob rau hauv 7% ntawm cov noob qoob loo soj ntsuam. Cov khoom ntawm cov noob qoob loo yog kis nrog smut, feem ntau mus rau qhov tsis muaj zog;
- Cov noob nplej feem ntau muaj kab mob durum smut nyob rau hauv pawg sab hnub tuaj ntawm cheeb tsam, barley hauv pawg hauv nruab nrab thiab oats hauv pawg sab hnub poob.
Pulses. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm phytoexpertise, nws tau tsim:
- tag nrho qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob nyob rau hauv cov noob khoom ntawm leguminous qoob loo yog 11,3%, uas yog yuav luag nyob rau theem ntawm lub xyoo dhau los (11,6%);
- cov noob feem ntau kis nrog ascochyta blight (78% ntawm qhov ntsuas ntim), nrog rau qhov ntau ntawm 3,5%. Ascochyta blight, zoo li fusarium blight, tuaj yeem ua rau cov hauv paus rot ntawm cov nroj tsuag;
- fusarium (lub ntsiab causative tus neeg sawv cev ntawm paus rot) tau sau tseg nyob rau hauv 64% ntawm cov kawm ntim ntawm peas, nrog ib tug ntau ntawm 1,1%;
- Alternaria blight tau sau tseg nyob rau hauv 71% ntawm lub ntim tshuaj ntawm cov noob, qhov hnyav nruab nrab feem pua ntawm cov kab mob yog 2,6%;
- mouldy fungi cuam tshuam 48% ntawm kev kawm ntim ntawm cov noob nrog qhov muaj ntau ntawm 1,5%;
- Cov kab mob tau kuaj pom nyob rau hauv 48% ntawm qhov ntsuas ntim, qhov hnyav nruab nrab ntawm cov noob cuam tshuam los ntawm bacteriosis yog 2,0%;
- grey rot tau pom nyob rau hauv ib tug batch ntawm peas noob (20% ntawm lub ntim tshuaj) nrog ib tug ntau ntawm 0,4%.
Kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm kev cog qoob loo zoo ntawm cov noob txuas ntxiv mus.