Nyob rau hauv Russia, cov hnab yas mesh tau dav siv rau kev thauj khoom ua liaj ua teb thiab lawv cov khw muag khoom muag. Txoj kev ntim khoom pheej yig thiab siv tau ntev tau nyiam los ntawm cov neeg ua liaj ua teb, thiab niaj hnub no tsis muaj lwm txoj hauv kev rau nws. Yog li ntawd, cov xov xwm hais txog kev txwv tsis pub siv mesh suab zoo li lub bolt ntawm xiav.
Dubious teg num
Thaum lub Plaub Hlis Ntuj xyoo no, nws tau paub tias Lavxias Ministry of Industry thiab Trade tau txiav txim siab txog qhov muaj peev xwm txwv tsis pub cov hnab yas mesh siv rau ntim zaub thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo muag. Txoj kev pib yog los ntawm Public Law Company "Lavxias Environmental Operator" (REO), tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm kev hloov kho cov khoom pov tseg hauv nroog.
"Qhov kev sib cav tseem ceeb ntawm REO yog qhov nyuaj ntawm kev pov tseg cov net," piav qhia lub taub hau ntawm cov cuab yeej ntawm Union ntawm Cov Neeg Koom Tes hauv Lavxias Cov Qos Qos thiab Zaub Market (Potato Union) Tatiana Gubina. - Thaum lub sijhawm ua cov khoom pov tseg, nws qhwv ib ncig ntawm cov khoom siv txheeb cais thiab tuaj yeem ua rau kaw tag nrho cov kab. Muaj ib qho teeb meem tiag tiag, tab sis txoj kev xaiv los daws nws yog qhov xav tsis thoob.
Hais txog cov teeb meem nrog kev ua cov mesh, REO tau hais kom siv cov hnab thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab ua los ntawm propylene thiab polyethylene ua lwm txoj hauv kev. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj leej twg hais txog kev txwv tib lub mesh yog tias nws siv rau kev thauj khoom ua liaj ua teb. Ntawd yog, peb tsis tau hais meej txog kev hloov pauv mus rau ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg hom ntim khoom lossis muaj peev xwm tshiab rau nws cov txheej txheem.
"Hauv kev txhawb nqa lawv cov lus pom zoo, REO tso siab rau kev tshawb fawb los ntawm Yegor Gaidar Institute of Economic Policy," ntxiv. Tatiana Gubina. - Cov lus sib cav tau nthuav tawm hauv nws tsa ntau cov lus nug ntawm cov kws tshaj lij hauv kev lag luam agro-industrial complex thiab processors.
Kev nkag siab yuam kev ntawm qhov teeb meem
Hauv kev teb rau qhov nce nthwv dej ntawm kev npau taws, REO Tus Thawj Coj General Denis Butsaev tau lees paub rau pej xeem tias txhua qhov kev thov yog nyob rau theem ntawm kev sib tham ua haujlwm, thiab kev txiav txim siab yuav ua tom qab. Thiab nws tau hais txog kev txhawj xeeb txog yav tom ntej ntawm kev nce nqi rau zaub raws li hauv qab no: "Nws nyuaj heev kom nkag siab tias muag qos yaj ywm hauv ntau npaum li cas thiab tsis ntim khoom yuav ua rau tus nqi nce? Yog tias cov khoom raug muag los ntawm qhov hnyav, ces yuav tsis muaj lub ntim tag nrho, thiab cov khoom yuav tsum pheej yig dua. "
Tab sis nyob rau hauv kev muaj tiag, muaj prerequisites rau nce nqi, thiab rau practitioners lawv pom tseeb.
"Kev nqis tes ua ntawm qhov kev pib no tiag tiag yuav ua rau nce nqi, feem ntau rau cov qos yaj ywm," Kuv ntseeg Tatiana Gubina. - Cov khoom lag luam hwm, rau hom ntim twg uas tsis raug txwv tsis pub, yuav tsis nce nqi. Tab sis tus nqi ntawm cov qos yaj ywm thiab zaub hauv "kev lag luam" ntu, uas feem ntau ntawm cov pej xeem raug yuam kom yuav, yuav tsawg kawg ob npaug los yog ploj ntawm lub txee tag nrho.
Lub tswv yim ntawm cov kws sau ntawv ntawm kev pib muag txhua yam hauv cov khoom lag luam yog qhov tsis tsim nyog rau cov tuam txhab lossis cov khw muag khoom. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, vim huab cua nyuaj, cov khoom ua liaj ua teb zoo tau raug kev txom nyem. Thiab cov neeg ua liaj ua teb tab tom ntsib teeb meem loj hauv kev muag zaub me-caliber.
"Piv txwv li, cov khw muag khoom txais cov qos yaj ywm hauv "45+" qeb muag tsuas yog tias lawv tau ntim rau hauv 2,5-5 kilograms hauv ib lub hnab mesh," sau tseg. Tatiana Gubina. - Tib yam siv rau me me carrots, beets, thiab dos. Cov khw muag khoom lag luam yuav tsis muag cov zaub no los ntawm qhov hnyav; cov neeg tsim khoom yuav tsum coj lawv mus rau qhov chaw pov tseg thiab ua kom poob los ntawm kev nce nqi rau cov khoom seem ntawm cov qoob loo.
Tsis muaj kab sib chaws, tsis nyob qhov twg
Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, lub hnab polyethylene mesh nyob rau hauv uas cov khoom noj zaub tau muag nyiaj rau ib feem me me ntawm kev ua lag luam. Cov ntim khoom nrov tshaj plaws hauv tebchaws Russia tseem yog mesh, tsim kom hnyav 25 kilograms thiab siv rau kev thauj mus los. Ib qho uas lawv tsis muaj phiaj xwm txwv tsis pub.
"Ntawm peb cov lag luam, cov hnab mesh tau siv los ua cov neeg siv khoom ntim, nrog rau kev khaws cia luv luv thiab xa cov khoom ua liaj ua teb rau kev muag," said General Director of TN-Trade LLC thiab Tula Niva JSC. Anastasia Sokolova, tus kws tshaj lij.– Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub ntim los ntawm 25, 15 thiab 10 kilograms. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, peb ua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm cov khw muag khoom chains rau kev muab cov qos yaj ywm thiab zaub, teev hauv cov ntawv cog lus.
"Hais txog kev thauj mus los, qhov no yog hom ntim khoom yooj yim tshaj plaws, uas tau siv ntau txhiab lub teb nyob rau hauv Russia," lees paub lub taub hau ntawm Cov Khoom Siv Ntim Khoom ntawm Agrotrade Company LLC. Mikhail Afarinov. - Raws li kev ntim khoom me me, nyob rau xyoo tas los no, 2,5 kilogram mesh nrog lub peev xwm tuaj yeem ntim 10 lub hnab rau hauv ib qho loj tau txais kev nyiam. Nws yog siv los ntawm cov tuam txhab loj loj ua haujlwm nrog cov khw muag khoom, thiab rau lawv qhov no yog lub sijhawm tiag tiag los muag cov khoom ntawm ib qho caliber.
"Raws li peb cov kev suav," hais Tatiana Gubina, - ntawm peb lab tons ntawm cov qos yaj ywm, uas tau muag txhua xyoo los ntawm cov khw muag khoom hauv ntau cheeb tsam, los ntawm 25 mus rau 40% yog tubers ntawm "45+" caliber. Cov khoom no, zoo li feem ntau ntawm cov qoob loo ntawm cov zaub qhib hauv av, tsuas yog muag tau ua tsaug rau ntim rau hauv lub hnab mesh.
"Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev muag khoom nyob rau hauv cov khw muag khoom, cov khoom ua liaj ua teb ntim rau hauv cov yas mesh yog nyob deb ntawm tus thawj coj," sau tseg General Director ntawm Zhniva LLC. Victor Breev.– Txawm nyob rau hauv lub nroog loj xws li Moscow thiab St. Petersburg, qhov kev thov rau qos yaj ywm hauv "tsev", "clip" los yog cov hnab ntawv yog tsawg heev. Thiab nyob rau hauv lub periphery, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv Kazan los yog Elabuga, buyers tsis yuav xws li cov khoom, cais raws li cov hwm, txhua. Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov nqi nrog cov chav kawm "kev lag luam" yog loj, vim hais tias ib kilogram ntawm tubers nyob rau hauv ib lub vas yuav raug nqi 20 rubles, thiab nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntim - txog 100.
Daim ntawv yuav tsis cawm koj
Txoj kev xav, muaj lwm txoj hauv kev rau lub hnab mesh, tab sis leej twg yuav them rau nws? Txhua tus neeg tsim khoom siv zog txo cov nqi, suav nrog kev ntim khoom, thiab cov neeg siv khoom tsis txaus siab rau kev nce nqi rau cov khoom.
- Yog tias peb tham txog ib puag ncig ntawm qhov teeb meem, ces qhov kev hloov pauv zoo tshaj plaws rau lub vas yuav yog lub hnab ntawv, - ntseeg Mikhail Afarinov.– Tab sis nws kim dua li txhua hom ntim khoom vim yog khoom siv. Tus kws txiav txim rau koj tus kheej: tus nqi ntawm ib lub hnab mesh rau 2,5 kilograms ntawm qos yaj ywm yog 2-3 rubles, "clips" yog 3,5 rubles, "tsev" yog 7-10 rubles, ntawv hnab yog los ntawm 15 rubles thiab ntau dua..
"Peb lub tuam txhab siv nyiaj txog 100 lab rubles rau kev yuav ib kab rau ntim qos yaj ywm hauv hnab ntawv," hais tias Victor Breev.– Ib tug tsawg tsawg ntawm cov lag luam nyob rau hauv Russia muaj xws li cov cuab yeej. Peb xav ua kom peb cov kev sib tw zoo thiab nkag mus rau hauv kev lag luam nrog ntau yam khoom hauv ntau hom ntim. Tab sis qhov tseeb nws tau muab tawm tias tus nqi ntawm pob khoom ntau tshaj tus nqi ntawm nws cov ntsiab lus.
Nws tsis paub dab tsi yuav los rau hauv lub siab ntawm cov neeg hloov kho khib nyiab lwm zaus. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav yog ib lub tswv yim zoo los saib xyuas ua ntej ntawm lwm lub ntim rau kev thauj khoom ua liaj ua teb.
"Peb kuj tseem siv cov khoom ntim rov qab - cov thawv yas rau hauv cov khoom ntim me me kom muaj nuj nqis," nws qhia nws qhov kev paub Anastasia Sokolova, tus kws tshaj lij. - Raws li kuv paub, cov khw muag khoom tau sim qhia qhov kev coj ua no nyob txhua qhov chaw, tab sis feem ntau cov neeg muag khoom tsis quav ntsej lawv txoj haujlwm. Kuj tseem muaj kev xa cov qos yaj ywm rau hauv cov thawv thiab cov thawv loj loj. Tag nrho cov kev xaiv no yog logistically tsis yooj yim thiab tsis muaj txiaj ntsig vim tias lawv tsis tso cai rau lub tsheb thauj khoom tag nrho. Yog li ntawd, tus nqi xa khoom tau nce mus rau 50% thiab siab dua. Ntxiv rau muaj teeb meem thaum lees txais cov khoom los ntawm tus neeg yuav khoom, vim tias nyob rau hauv cov chaw faib khoom ntawm cov khw muag khoom muaj cov cellular cia thiab tso cov khoom.
Qhov yuav tsum tau hloov kho cov khoom ntim khoom tuaj yeem yog qhov teeb meem loj rau cov neeg ua liaj ua teb. Vim muaj qhov hloov pauv, kev nqis peev tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau ua hauv kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis.
"Lub tshuab ntim tsis siv neeg uas sews zaub rau hauv lub hnab mesh yog qhov dav tshaj plaws thiab pheej yig tshaj," sau tseg Mikhail Afarinov. - Cov tuam txhab tsim khoom tsim khoom tsim nyog, uas tuaj yeem yuav los ntawm ob qho tib si ua liaj ua teb thiab cov neeg ua liaj ua teb me. Tab sis yuav cov kab txawv teb chaws npaj rau lwm hom ntim yuav ntaus lawv cov hnab ris nyuaj.
"Yuav tsis muaj qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov khoom siv hauv khw," lees paub Anastasia Sokolova. "Tab sis ntau tus twb tau teeb tsa cov kab ntim khoom, thiab cov nyiaj tau los loj tau siv rau lawv. Nyob rau hauv qhov phem tshaj plaws, lawv tsuas yog sawv ntsug, lossis qee yam khoom yuav tsum tau hloov thiab lub sijhawm yuav siv los hloov cov tshuab rau lwm cov khoom ntim.
Tsim nyog sib ntaus
Cov neeg tsim khoom noj khoom haus, rau cov neeg ntim khoom kuj tuaj yeem ua txhaum cai, kuj tau koom nrog kev sib tham ntawm cov ncauj lus uas cuam tshuam rau kev lag luam agro-industrial complex.
"Lavxias teb sab cov neeg ua liaj ua teb thiab cov txheej txheem tsim cov phiaj xwm rau yav tom ntej raws li qhov ua tau ntawm kev muag khoom hauv ntim yas," piav qhia Mikhail Afarinov. - Ib qho kev txwv nruj, categorical txwv yuav cuam tshuam lawv txoj haujlwm rau xyoo tom ntej. Ntawm no, nws yuav tsim nyog los hloov cov kev cai tswj hwm yuav ua li cas rau cov neeg tsim khoom thiab cov neeg yuav khoom kom rov qab ntim cov ntim, yuav ua li cas rov siv dua thiab rov siv dua.
"Kuv xav tias cov neeg ua liaj ua teb yuav txaus siab yog tias cov tub ceev xwm muab qee yam kev xaiv rau lawv ua ntej tshaj tawm kev txwv," nws ntseeg. Anastasia Sokolova. - Tsawg kawg ob peb lub ntim kev xaiv, tab sis xws li lawv tau tsim nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws, pheej yig thiab yeej ib txwm nyob rau hauv Tshuag.
"Nyob rau hauv kuv lub tswv yim, lub hnab mesh tsis tuaj yeem txwv tsis pub dhau yav tom ntej," Kuv paub tseeb Victor Breev, - vim nws tsis tuaj yeem ua yam tsis muaj nws. Tsis yog ua tsis tau xav thiab ua rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm tag nrho kev lag luam, nws yuav zoo dua los npaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev pov tseg thiab rov ua dua cov yas ntawm lub xeev.
"Hnub no, ntawm txhua qhov chaw, Potato Union tawm tsam qhov kev txwv ntawm lub vas," hais Tatiana Gubina - txij li qhov no yuav ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj rau cov neeg tsim khoom thiab cov neeg siv khoom kawg ntawm cov khoom ua liaj ua teb. Kuv vam tias cov ntawv tshaj tawm tshiab hauv xov xwm yuav tsis tso cai rau kev sib tham tsis tu ncua kom tuag thiab yuav nyiam cov neeg tuaj saib ntxiv. Ua ke peb tuaj yeem tiv thaiv peb cov kev txaus siab.
Irina Berg