Koom haum «Soyuzstarch» nthuav tawm cov txiaj ntsig kev lag luam rau 2022. Kev lag luam ua qoob loo tseem loj hlob qeeb tab sis tsis tu ncua. Xyoo 2022, kev tsim cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab thiab maltodextrin tau nce ntxiv - kev hloov pauv hloov pauv tau tshwm sim hauv cov khoom lag luam no. Nyob rau hauv 2022, vim qhov nce ntawm cov nqi logistics, qhov teeb meem ntawm kev lag luam nyiaj txiag thiab kev tsis ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom siv, ob qho tib si xa tawm thiab kev xa tawm ntawm ntau cov khoom los ntawm cov nplej sib sib zog nqus kev lag luam poob qis. Tsoom fwv cov tub ceev xwm tau tsim ntau yam txheej txheem los txhawb kev lag luam; kev ntsuas kev txhawb nqa twb nyob rau hauv qhov chaw thiab tau siv los ntawm cov tuam txhab.
Lub Koom Haum ntawm Kev Ua Lag Luam Ua Lag Luam Advanced Grain qhia txog ntau yam xwm txheej tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam hauv 2022. Xyoo tas los, cov tuam txhab tau ntsib cov teeb meem tshiab: tsim cov saw hlau tshiab rau cov khoom siv, cov khoom siv, cov enzymes thiab cov tshuaj reagents. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tuam txhab hauv kev lag luam tau sim ua kom muaj peev xwm, nce cov khoom tsim tawm, thiab hloov qee yam ntawm kev xa khoom. Zuag qhia tag nrho, 2022 xaus nrog kev ua haujlwm zoo rau kev lag luam.
Lavxias teb sab sib sib zog nqus grain kev lag luam txheej txheem txog 2,5 lab tons ntawm nplej thiab tsim txog 1 lab tons ntawm cov khoom tiav. Qhov kev lag luam no nyob rau hauv Russia tseem nyob twj ywm niche, tab sis nws muaj txhua txoj hauv kev los tsim, tsim cov lag luam tshiab, cov kab ntau lawm thiab nkag mus rau cov lag luam xa tawm tshiab. Ntau qhov haujlwm tseem ceeb tab tom txhim kho.
Kev lag luam ntawm kev ua cov nplej sib sib zog nqus tau txhawb nqa los ntawm lub xeev. Piv txwv li, cov neeg tsim cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab tau muab cov peev nyiaj qiv nyiaj thaum tsim lossis kho tshiab kev lag luam thiab cov nyiaj qiv tshwj xeeb rau kev yuav cov khoom siv raw rau kev ua haujlwm tom ntej. Kuj tseem muaj kev ntsuas los them rov qab cov nqi thauj khoom thaum xa tawm cov khoom, them rov qab cov nqi thaum cov tuam txhab koom nrog cov rooj sib tham thiab lwm yam kev txhawb nqa.
Cov kev cai tshiab ntawm Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Txoj Cai "Rau Grain" tau pib siv, raws li FSIS "Grain" tau tsim. Xyoo 2022, kev tshaj tawm hauv cov txheej txheem rau cov txheej txheem yog kev yeem, tab sis yuav luag txhua lub tuam txhab hauv kev lag luam tau pib ua haujlwm hauv cov txheej txheem traceability. Txij thaum Lub Peb Hlis 1, 2023, kev muab cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov khoom ua qoob loo rau lub cev tau dhau los ua qhov yuav tsum tau ua.
Ua raws li kev ntsuas ntawm lub xeev kev txhawb nqa, nyob rau xyoo tas los no kev lag luam tau pom tias muaj kev loj hlob tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom tsim tawm (Table 1), thiab yog li ntawd muaj kev txo qis hauv kev cia siab rau kev xa khoom ntawm ntau cov khoom uas muaj nqi ntxiv ( Table 2), kev nthuav dav ntawm cov khoom lag luam, thiab tseem muaj lub sijhawm nkag mus rau kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb tshiab (Table 3).
Lub zog ntawm kev lag luam los ntawm ib lub xyoo mus rau xyoo qhia qeeb tab sis kev loj hlob ruaj khov. Raws li Rosstat thiab Lub Koom Haum kwv yees, xyoo 2022 peb pom qhov nce loj tshaj plaws (39%) hauv kev tsim cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab hloov pauv, uas yog vim qhov xav tau los hloov cov khoom lag luam txawv teb chaws thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm cov neeg siv khoom rau cov khoom siv hauv tsev - xyoo no tsim ntau yam. hom kev hloov pauv khoom noj ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab muaj txog 94 tons.
Kev tsim cov amino acid lysine, uas yog tsim nyob rau hauv Russia los ntawm ob lub lag luam, nce 22% nyob rau hauv lub xyoo. Hauv xyoo 2022, kev tsim cov L-lysine sulfate hauv tsev yog 142 tons.
Lwm cov khoom siv hmoov txhuv nplej siab tau pom tias muaj kev loj hlob ntawm 1% mus rau 10% (Table 1). Kev tsim cov dextrins tau txo qis los ntawm 72%, tab sis cov khoom no tuav ib ntu me me hauv kev lag luam.
Table 1 - Kev tsim cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab thiab hmoov txhuv nplej siab, tons
2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | Dynamics 2022 txog 2021, % | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Starches, tshwj tsis yog hloov kho (native) | 294 654 | 324 914 | 354 032 | 374 812 | 6 |
Dextrins | 8 165 | 9 526 | 10 5324 | 2 939 | -72 |
Hloov cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab | 58 804 | 61 103 | 68 006 | 94 355 | 39 |
Glucose-fructose phoov | 152 504 | 200 625 | 260 002 | 278 190 | 7 |
Maltodextrin | 19 131 | 20 073 | 49 773 | 54 960 | 10 |
Starch syrup (glucose syrups) | 466 648 | 467 235 | 476 940 | 494 103 | 1 |
Lysine | 80 000 | 90 000 | 117 000 | 142 729 | 22 |
Raws li Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Kev Pabcuam Kev lis kev cai, kev xa khoom ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab thiab nws cov khoom siv tau qis dua xyoo no rau feem ntau cov khoom loj. Qhov tshwj xeeb yog lysine nyob rau hauv ob daim ntawv (sulfate thiab monohydrochloride), qhov kev ntshuam uas tau nce los ntawm 37%, uas tau yooj yim los ntawm zeroing ntawm ntshuam kev lis kev cai (Table 2).
Qhov kev txo qis tshaj plaws hauv xyoo 2022 txog 2021 tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv qeb ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab (glucose syrups) - 109 zaug. Ntshuam ntawm maltodextrin txo los ntawm 71%, kev ntshuam ntawm dextrins txo los ntawm 59%, hloov starches los ntawm 46%, haiv neeg starches imported los ntawm 24% thiab qabzib-fructose syrups los ntawm 4%, feem, tsawg dua.
Table 2 - Ntshuam cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab thiab hmoov txhuv nplej siab, tons
2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | Dynamics 2022 txog 2021, % | |
Starches, tshwj tsis yog hloov kho (native) | 22 363 | 24 574 | 40 225 | 32 341 | -24 |
Hloov cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab | 95 958 | 94 656 | 103 541 | 71 076 | -46 |
Glucose-fructose phoov | 422 | 257 | 5 467 | 5 261 | -4 |
Dextrins | 1 079 | 889 | 1 489 | 938 | -59 |
Maltodextrin | 14 625 | 10 038 | 5 740 | 3 359 | -71 |
Starch syrup (glucose syrups) | 4 082 | 794 | 8 320 | 76 | -10 847 |
Lysine | 60 834 | 53 352 | 43 130 | 68 783 | 37 |
Kev xa tawm ntawm cov khoom muaj nqis ntxiv hauv xyoo 2022 kuj tau txo qis rau cov khoom tseem ceeb, vim yog kev lag luam rov qab faib thiab hloov pauv ntawm kev thov hauv kev lag luam hauv tsev.
Qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm kev xa tawm los ntawm 542% yog pom nyob rau hauv export ntawm lysine - 7 txhiab nyob rau hauv 442. Qhov no yog vim qhov txwv tsis pub xa tawm ntawm lysine sab nraud Russia, uas tau kav mus txog thaum kawg ntawm 2022.
Hauv lwm pawg, kev poob qis hauv 2022 piv rau 2021 tshwm sim hauv qabzib-fructose syrups, ntawm 273% tsawg dua raug xa tawm - 394 tons. Muaj 226% tsawg starch syrup - 7 tons, 442% tsawg hloov starches, 61% tsawg maltodextrin. Export ntawm dextrins nce 8% (Table 90).
Kev lag luam export rau cov khoom siv yog ntau haiv neeg. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev xa tawm ntawm cov khoom lag luam ua tiav tau nce zuj zus rau cov teb chaws ntawm Middle East, Africa thiab South America. Glucose syrups nyob rau hauv cov kua yog xa tawm mus rau Turkmenistan thiab Uzbekistan. Lub ntsiab ntim ntawm qabzib syrups nyob rau hauv daim ntawv qhuav yog exported rau Lebanon thiab Jordan. Maltodextrin kev muag khoom lag luam suav nrog ntau dua 40 lub teb chaws, suav nrog Cote d'Ivoire, South Africa, UAE, Chile, Egypt, Colombia, Ghana, Qaib ntxhw, Dominican koom pheej. Cationic modified starches mus rau Mongolia, Azerbaijan, Uzbekistan, thiab Tajikistan. Modified starches, siv nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov corrugated cardboard thiab nyob rau hauv roj ntau lawm, yog exported rau Iraq, Georgia, Uzbekistan, Qaib ntxhw, Tajikistan, thiab Turkmenistan.
Table 3 - Export cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab thiab hmoov txhuv nplej siab, tons
2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | Dynamics 2022 txog 2021, % | |
Starches, tshwj tsis yog hloov kho (native) | 29 279 | 26 257 | 48 814 | 38 366 | -27 |
Hloov cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab | 7 151 | 7 484 | 8 142 | 5 072 | -61 |
Glucose-fructose phoov | 852 | 334 | 1 470 | 394 | -273 |
Dextrins | 461 | 461 | 166 | 1 705 | 90 |
Maltodextrin | 981 | 1235 | 13 536 | 12 577 | -8 |
Starch syrup (glucose syrups) | 19 834 | 33 764 | 24 250 | 7 442 | -226 |
Lysine | 1 652 | 736 | 616 | 96 | -542 |
Niaj hnub no, lub ntsiab hom ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv rau zus tau tej cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab nyob rau hauv Russia ib txwm nyob twj ywm pob kws thiab nplej. Ntxiv mus, cov pob kws hmoov txhuv nplej siab nyob rau hauv qhov loj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov ntim ntawm noj, ob qho tib si nyob rau hauv lub cev thiab nyiaj txiag lub sij hawm.
Pob kws hmoov txhuv nplej siab tau nce ntxiv piv rau xyoo dhau los, nrog 2022 tons tsim nyob rau xyoo 316. Ntshuam muaj li 599 tons, thiab export yog 5 tons. Pob kws hmoov nplej tau muab rau Colombia, Cote D'Ivoire, Ecuador thiab lwm lub tebchaws (Daim duab 262).
Daim duab 1 - Pob kws hmoov txhuv nplej siab, tons
Qos yaj ywm starch zus nyob rau tib theem - 11 tons hauv 131 piv rau 2022 tons hauv 11. Kev xa tawm ntawm cov qos yaj ywm starches poob qis me ntsis - muaj li 483 tons hauv 2021 piv rau 10500 txhiab tons hauv 2021. Kev xa tawm tau poob qis - mus rau 4800 tons hauv ib xyoos (Daim duab 2020).
Daim duab 3 - qos yaj ywm starch, tons